Not as Cain, who was of that wicked one, and slew his brother. And wherefore slew he him? Because his own works were evil, and his brother's righteous.
John is writing to early Christians about love and what its opposite looks like in real life. He points to Cain, a figure from the very first family in Genesis (the first book of the Bible). Cain and his brother Abel both brought offerings to God. God accepted Abel's offering but not Cain's, and instead of examining his own heart, Cain murdered his brother out of jealousy and rage. John uses Cain as a stark warning: hatred and violence don't come from nowhere — they grow from resentment toward someone else's goodness. The phrase "belonged to the evil one" indicates Cain had given himself over to a destructive way of living rather than turning back toward God.
God, I don't want to be honest about the Cain in me, but I know you already see it. Take the resentment I'm carrying toward people whose goodness makes me feel small. I don't want to feed it anymore — I want to hand it to you. Amen.
The murder started long before the field. It started in the moment Cain looked at his brother's accepted offering and felt something hot and bitter rise in his chest. John names the motive with unsettling precision: he killed him not because Abel was bad, but because Abel was good — and Cain's own actions weren't. That's a specific kind of darkness. Not envy of someone's success, but resentment of their righteousness. Most of us will never stand in a field with our hands around a brother's throat. But most of us have felt the cold flicker of something when a colleague gets praised for the very thing we're quietly proud of, or when someone else's effortless faith makes ours feel thin and forced. That feeling isn't Cain's murder — but it's the same seed. The question this verse refuses to let you dodge is what you do with it. Cain fed it alone in the dark until it had nowhere left to go but violence. You don't have to. But you do have to be honest — with yourself, and with God — before it grows roots you can't find anymore.
Why do you think John says Cain killed Abel specifically because Abel's actions were righteous? What does that reveal about how envy and resentment actually operate in us?
Have you ever felt resentment not toward someone's success but toward their goodness or integrity? What was that like to sit with honestly?
John connects Cain's actions to 'belonging to the evil one.' What do you think it means to belong to something — darkness or God — in the way this verse describes? Is it a single decision or a slow drift?
How can unaddressed resentment quietly damage your relationships before you've even named what's happening?
What's one honest thing you could bring to God this week — a resentment, a jealousy, a bitterness you've been carrying — rather than letting it stay underground?
And the LORD said unto him, Therefore whosoever slayeth Cain, vengeance shall be taken on him sevenfold. And the LORD set a mark upon Cain, lest any finding him should kill him.
Genesis 4:15
Again, I considered all travail, and every right work, that for this a man is envied of his neighbour. This is also vanity and vexation of spirit.
Ecclesiastes 4:4
For where envying and strife is, there is confusion and every evil work.
James 3:16
And Cain talked with Abel his brother: and it came to pass, when they were in the field, that Cain rose up against Abel his brother, and slew him.
Genesis 4:8
Ye are of your father the devil, and the lusts of your father ye will do. He was a murderer from the beginning, and abode not in the truth, because there is no truth in him. When he speaketh a lie, he speaketh of his own: for he is a liar, and the father of it.
John 8:44
By faith Abel offered unto God a more excellent sacrifice than Cain, by which he obtained witness that he was righteous, God testifying of his gifts: and by it he being dead yet speaketh .
Hebrews 11:4
Woe unto them! for they have gone in the way of Cain, and ran greedily after the error of Balaam for reward, and perished in the gainsaying of Core.
Jude 1:11
And Adam knew Eve his wife; and she conceived, and bare Cain, and said, I have gotten a man from the LORD.
Genesis 4:1
and not be like Cain, who was of the evil one and murdered his brother [Abel]. And why did he murder him? Because Cain's deeds were evil, and his brother's were righteous.
AMP
We should not be like Cain, who was of the evil one and murdered his brother. And why did he murder him? Because his own deeds were evil and his brother's righteous.
ESV
not as Cain, [who] was of the evil one and slew his brother. And for what reason did he slay him? Because his deeds were evil, and his brother's were righteous.
NASB
Do not be like Cain, who belonged to the evil one and murdered his brother. And why did he murder him? Because his own actions were evil and his brother’s were righteous.
NIV
not as Cain who was of the wicked one and murdered his brother. And why did he murder him? Because his works were evil and his brother’s righteous.
NKJV
We must not be like Cain, who belonged to the evil one and killed his brother. And why did he kill him? Because Cain had been doing what was evil, and his brother had been doing what was righteous.
NLT
We must not be like Cain, who joined the Evil One and then killed his brother. And why did he kill him? Because he was deep in the practice of evil, while the acts of his brother were righteous.
MSG