Do not I hate them, O LORD, that hate thee? and am not I grieved with those that rise up against thee?
This verse comes near the end of Psalm 139, one of the most intimate and personal poems in the entire Bible. For most of the psalm, the writer — traditionally David, king of Israel — has been marveling at how completely God knows him: his thoughts, his words, even his unformed days. Then, almost without warning, the tone shifts. He declares a fierce alignment with God against those who oppose him. In the ancient Israelite worldview, 'those who hate God' weren't just theological opponents — they were people actively working against justice, truth, and God's people. The word translated 'hate' here carries a sense of moral revulsion, not personal spite. The psalmist is essentially saying: my loyalties are so aligned with yours, God, that your enemies register to me as my enemies. Scholars call this kind of psalm an 'imprecatory psalm' — one that calls down judgment on evil rather than offering blessing.
God, I want to love what you love and grieve what grieves you. Give me the courage to be genuinely outraged by real injustice — and the humility to examine my own heart before I start deciding who your enemies are. Keep those two things together in me. Amen.
Nobody teaches you how to sit with a verse like this one. It doesn't fit on a coffee mug. It doesn't show up in the highlight reels of popular faith content. 'Do I not hate those who hate you?' — and yet here it is, right in the middle of the most beloved psalm about God's intimate knowledge of us. Because the writers of scripture understood something we've mostly forgotten in our carefully managed spiritual lives: that deep love and deep revulsion are not opposites. They often come from exactly the same place. When you truly love something — a child, a community, a principle of justice — you feel something fierce and protective when it's threatened. The psalmist isn't nursing a grudge. He's declaring that his moral compass is calibrated to God's character, not to social comfort. The danger in this verse isn't in feeling it. It's in deciding who 'God's enemies' actually are. History is full of people who used this kind of language to bless their own prejudices and call them righteousness. So the honest question this verse presses into is not whether righteous anger is real — it is — but whether your outrage is actually lined up with what God cares about. Justice. The vulnerable. Truth. Or is it lined up with what threatens your tribe, your politics, your sense of how things should go? That examination is harder than the anger. And it's the work this verse is really asking you to do.
Who do you think the psalmist had in mind when he wrote 'those who hate you' — and does knowing the historical context of ancient Israel change how you read it?
Is there something you feel genuinely morally outraged about right now? How do you test whether that outrage is righteous or self-serving?
This verse seems to suggest that loving God fully means opposing what God opposes — do you think that's true, and what are the risks of that idea?
How does the way you talk about people you consider 'enemies of good' affect your relationships with people who see things differently?
What's one area of your life where you need to honestly examine whether your anger lines up with God's heart or just with your own preferences?
I know thy works, and thy labour, and thy patience, and how thou canst not bear them which are evil: and thou hast tried them which say they are apostles, and are not, and hast found them liars:
Revelation 2:2
Rivers of waters run down mine eyes, because they keep not thy law.
Psalms 119:136
Be ye not unequally yoked together with unbelievers: for what fellowship hath righteousness with unrighteousness? and what communion hath light with darkness?
2 Corinthians 6:14
Ye have heard that it hath been said, Thou shalt love thy neighbour, and hate thine enemy.
Matthew 5:43
And when he was come near, he beheld the city, and wept over it,
Luke 19:41
A time to love, and a time to hate; a time of war, and a time of peace.
Ecclesiastes 3:8
But this thou hast, that thou hatest the deeds of the Nicolaitans, which I also hate.
Revelation 2:6
For I could wish that myself were accursed from Christ for my brethren, my kinsmen according to the flesh:
Romans 9:3
Do I not hate those who hate You, O LORD? And do I not loathe those who rise up against You?
AMP
Do I not hate those who hate you, O LORD? And do I not loathe those who rise up against you?
ESV
Do I not hate those who hate You, O LORD? And do I not loathe those who rise up against You?
NASB
Do I not hate those who hate you, O Lord, and abhor those who rise up against you?
NIV
Do I not hate them, O LORD, who hate You? And do I not loathe those who rise up against You?
NKJV
O LORD, shouldn’t I hate those who hate you? Shouldn’t I despise those who oppose you?
NLT
See how I hate those who hate you, God, see how I loathe all this godless arrogance;
MSG